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Unique Ancient Fossils Of A ‘Wildebeest’ Unearthed In Kenya

February 5, 2016 By Jason Leathers Leave a Comment

Diagram of a Rusingoryx skull.

Diagram of a Rusingoryx skull.

The paleontologists are discussing about the unique ancient fossils of a ‘Wildebeest’ unearthed in Kenya. The creature named Rusingoryx has left researchers speechless, as its nasal structure is more like of a dinosaur than that of a mammal.

At first glance, it seems unlikely that a shaggy-maned antelope from the Ice Age could have anything in common with a group a dinosaurs that roamed during the Cretaceous period 145 to 66 million years ago. However, science can be full of surprises.

Rusingoryx atopocranion is the name of the spcies that is related to the modern wildebeest. Below, you can see an image with the wildebeest in its natural habitat:

Blue_Wildebeest,_Ngorongoro

And here is an artist’s interpretation of Rusingoryx atopocranion:

2666

The experts’ observation is that the newly discovered ‘beast’ shares a bizarre adaptation with a group of hadrosaurs: a hollow, domed ridge of bone along the front of its face called a nasal crest.

This structure was incredibly surprising. To see a hollow nasal crest outside of dinosaurs and in a mammal that lived so recently is very bizarre.

– Ohio University paleontologist Haley O’Brien said.

These fossils of Rusingoryx, about the size of its close cousin the wildebeest, date from about 55,000 to 75,000 years ago. Hadrosaurs with similar nasal structures, Lambeosaurus and Corythosaurus, lived about 75 million years ago.

O’Brien said the structure was an example of ‘convergent evolution‘ in which disparate organisms independently evolve similar features, like the wings of birds, bats and the extinct flying reptiles called pterosaurs, to adapt to similar environments or ecological niches.

About Rusingoryx’s lifestyle, the researchers say that they led a lifestyle similar to hadrosaurs: herbivores both likely traveling in herds. Many scientists think hadrosaurs also used their crests to communicate vocally with one another.

Moreover, the experts say that Rusingoryx’s nasal apparatus may have allowed it to deepen its normal vocal calls into ‘infrasound’ levels other species may not have been able to hear.

In order to come to a conclusion, the researchers examined six adult and juvenile Rusingoryx skulls. The bony crest, laying on the top and front of the skull, was mostly hollow inside. It contained nasal passages that followed the outside of the structure then took an S-shaped pathway down into the soft tissue part of the airway. The nasal passage then sat atop of a pair of large sinuses.

At least 24 Rusingoryx individuals were found at the site. University of Minnesota paleoanthropologist Kirsten Jenkins said butchered bones and stone tools there indicated humans may have caused their deaths. Jenkins said hunters may have driven a herd into the stream for an ambush.

This research was published in the journal Current Biology.

Image Sources: abc.net.au; wikimedia.org; guim.co.uk.

Filed Under: Tech & Science Tagged With: ancient fossils, convergent evolution, Dinosaur fossils, Evolution, fossils, hadrosaurs, History Breaking, Kenya, paleontologists, research, Rusingoryx, Rusingoryx atopocranion, Science, species, study, wildebeest

Preterm Complications, Major Cause of Death In Infants: Study Reveals

November 17, 2014 By Germaine Hicks Leave a Comment

Preterm-birth-complications

The preterm birth complications now outrank all other reasons of death for infants. Out of more than 6.3 million deaths of infants under age five in 2013, about 1 million occurred because of preterm issues. The study was published on 17th Nov, the World’s Prematurity Day.

The recent study shows up in the Lancet medical journal. It’s a synergistic collaboration of scientists from the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and the World Health Organization (WHO)..

The major part of the deaths constitutes direct preterm births complications happened in the initial 28-days of life – with another 125,000 deaths happening between one month and five years.

“Throughout the last few years the extent of deaths because of preterm births has been expanding. The purpose behind this is that we don’t generally have significant intercessions set up to evade preterm births – and second, to oversee them in most groups where they happen, Dr. Andres de Francisco, interval official executive of the Geneva-based Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health, said.

Preterm birth complications are a global issue, he added.

“We have countries in Africa, for instance – Nigeria – or in Asia – India and Pakistan – that have tremendously high numbers of children that are dying due to preterm births. Anyhow, this is not just an issue in developing nations. This is additionally an issue that affects developed nations, too.”

India really beat the rundown, emulated by Nigeria, Pakistan, the DRC, China, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Ethiopia, Angola and Kenya. Specialists caution the Ebola flare-up in West Africa raises the danger of preterm complications in the affected countries.

The ascent in deaths from preterm birth complications really harmonizes with a staged decrease in the overall death rate of kids under five.

“Mortality is declining by around 3.9% every year, which is an extremely noteworthy decline of mortality – and it’s because of a ton of interventions that we have in stock, including reducing the mortality because of contagious ailments, for example, pneumonia, diarrhea and malaria, among others,” he said.

A portion of the intercessions credited for the death rate decrease include vaccines, bed nets, antibiotics, anti-malarial and HIV treatments.

Yet Dr. de Francisco said the death rate for preterm children has declined by a much diminutive rate of 2% a year. The major reason, he says, is an absence of sufficient intercessions. Furthermore, at this moment, it’s not clear what the best intercessions are, besides addressing obesity, HBP and hypertension.

Moreover, the study said generally its not fully recognized what triggers preterm labor – and about 50% of preterm births happen impulsively.

“This is why, reason for mortality needs to be contemplated significantly and in much more concentrated way. Since if we don’t know the reasons – if we don’t know the factors – pregnancy is going to end in a preterm birth. Furthermore this needs to be the center of escalated research,” de Francisco said.

An intensive research amounting $250-million is getting underway through four noteworthy activities: the Global Coalition to Advance Preterm Birth Research; the March of Dimes; the University of California at San Francisco’s Preterm Birth Initiative; and the Global Alliance to Prevent Prematurity and Stillbirth.

“If we support these research programs, in the following five years or so, we will be able to have intercessions that are going to help the lessening of mortality in these little children,” he said.

 

Filed Under: Health Tagged With: Africa, Angola, Asia, Bangladesh, de Francisco, Ethiopia, Global Alliance to Prevent Prematurity, Global Coalition to Advance Preterm Birth Research, HIV, Indonesia, Kenya, malaria, morality rate, Pakistan, premature babies, Preterm birth, Stillbirth, the March of Dimes, the University of California at San Francisco's Preterm Birth Initiative

White Northern Rhino Leads to Extinction

October 21, 2014 By Brian Galloway Leave a Comment

white northern rhino dies

One of the second last breed of white male northern rhinos on the planet died in a reserve of Kenya. After this death merely six other rhino species are left all around the world.

Researchers determine natural cause as the reason behind the death of the 34 year rhino. The study revealed that even the immediate father of this rhino died at the same age in the year of 2006.

Suni, the 34 year old rhino was the last chance to protect the white rhinos from extinctions. He was found from the zoo in the  Czech Republic. It is a landlocked country located in the central Europe

Hunting is one of the biggest reasons of this annihilation of this species. These rhinos are extremely expensive in central and eastern Africa as they are highly useful for the production of Chinese medication.

Basically, the horns of these white rhinos are utilized in the creation of medicines. According to a rough report, nearly fifty nine rhinos were sold in Kenya last year. These buyers purchased the horns at an extremely high cost of $65,000 per kg. The rate is even more than the Asian price of gold and silver.

Currently, there are serious threats to the southern white rhinos that are found in Africa. Predators hunt them in order to get a large amount of money from the seller. Therefore, the number of hunters has increased to a great extent since last few years.

As per the speculations after ten years, this species cannot be found anywhere in the continent of Africa.

Filed Under: Tech & Science Tagged With: breed, Czech Republic, expensive, Kenya, medicine, price, rhino

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