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Scientists Unravel 1.1-Million-Year-Old Stegodon Tusk

February 17, 2016 By Rebecca McGhee Leave a Comment

This is how a stegodon looked like.

This is how a stegodon looked like.

The pakistani scientists unravel 1.1-million-year-old stegodon tusk in the province of Punjab, potentially shedding new light on the mammal’s evolutionary journey.

It is known that stegodonts are distant cousins of modern elephants. They are thought to have been present on earth from around 11 million years ago until the late Pleistocene period, which lasted until the end of the last Ice Age around 11,700 years ago.

According to the team, the tusk that has been recently unearthed measures eight feet (2.44 metres) in length and is around eight inches (20.3 cm) in diameter, making it the the largest ever discovered in the country. The stegodon tusk was discovered by scientists from the University of the Punjab’s zoology department during an expedition in the Padri district.

This discovery adds to our knowledge about the evolution of the stegodon, particularly in this region.

stated  Professor Muhammad Akhtar, lead researcher of the excavation. He also added that the discovery sheds light on what the mammal’s environment was like when it was alive.

So far, the age of the stegodon tusk was determined through a radioactive dating technique that involved uranium and lead, researchers declared. However, the dating of the tusk needs further verification.

An interesting fact about stegodonts is that they were known for their long, nearly straight tusks and low-crowned teeth with peaked ridges. This indicated they were browsers or mixed feeders in a forested environment, in contrast to the high-crowned plated molars of elephants, which allowed them to graze.

On the other hand, stegodons were good swimmers. They were thought to have come from Africa and then quickly spread to Asia, where most fossils of the mammal were found.

Dr. Gerrit Van Den Bergh is a paleontologist at the University of Wollongong in Australia, who has done extensive research on the ancient mammals of several countries, including Pakistan. He noted that stegodons became extinct around the time when modern humans emerged.

The same paleontologist added that around 1.2 million years ago the creatures were still thriving. In what concerns their species, they are mostly Asian, but remains have been found further afield. The expert also informs us that a molar fragment has recently been discovered in Greece.

However, this is not the first time when the excavation-site grabbed headlines for prehistoric fossils. Previously, researchers discovered ancient skulls and teeth of bovid from the Punjabi dig site. After analysis, it was found that the remains belong to subfamily Reduncinae.

Image Source:  photobucket.com.

Filed Under: Tech & Science Tagged With: ancient animals, archeologist, Evolution, fossils, mammals, Pakistan, pakistani scientists, Pleistocene, prehistoric fossils, Reduncinae, Science, Stegodon, Stegodon Tusk, stegodonts, the late Pleistocene, unearthed fossils

Preterm Complications, Major Cause of Death In Infants: Study Reveals

November 17, 2014 By Germaine Hicks Leave a Comment

Preterm-birth-complications

The preterm birth complications now outrank all other reasons of death for infants. Out of more than 6.3 million deaths of infants under age five in 2013, about 1 million occurred because of preterm issues. The study was published on 17th Nov, the World’s Prematurity Day.

The recent study shows up in the Lancet medical journal. It’s a synergistic collaboration of scientists from the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and the World Health Organization (WHO)..

The major part of the deaths constitutes direct preterm births complications happened in the initial 28-days of life – with another 125,000 deaths happening between one month and five years.

“Throughout the last few years the extent of deaths because of preterm births has been expanding. The purpose behind this is that we don’t generally have significant intercessions set up to evade preterm births – and second, to oversee them in most groups where they happen, Dr. Andres de Francisco, interval official executive of the Geneva-based Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health, said.

Preterm birth complications are a global issue, he added.

“We have countries in Africa, for instance – Nigeria – or in Asia – India and Pakistan – that have tremendously high numbers of children that are dying due to preterm births. Anyhow, this is not just an issue in developing nations. This is additionally an issue that affects developed nations, too.”

India really beat the rundown, emulated by Nigeria, Pakistan, the DRC, China, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Ethiopia, Angola and Kenya. Specialists caution the Ebola flare-up in West Africa raises the danger of preterm complications in the affected countries.

The ascent in deaths from preterm birth complications really harmonizes with a staged decrease in the overall death rate of kids under five.

“Mortality is declining by around 3.9% every year, which is an extremely noteworthy decline of mortality – and it’s because of a ton of interventions that we have in stock, including reducing the mortality because of contagious ailments, for example, pneumonia, diarrhea and malaria, among others,” he said.

A portion of the intercessions credited for the death rate decrease include vaccines, bed nets, antibiotics, anti-malarial and HIV treatments.

Yet Dr. de Francisco said the death rate for preterm children has declined by a much diminutive rate of 2% a year. The major reason, he says, is an absence of sufficient intercessions. Furthermore, at this moment, it’s not clear what the best intercessions are, besides addressing obesity, HBP and hypertension.

Moreover, the study said generally its not fully recognized what triggers preterm labor – and about 50% of preterm births happen impulsively.

“This is why, reason for mortality needs to be contemplated significantly and in much more concentrated way. Since if we don’t know the reasons – if we don’t know the factors – pregnancy is going to end in a preterm birth. Furthermore this needs to be the center of escalated research,” de Francisco said.

An intensive research amounting $250-million is getting underway through four noteworthy activities: the Global Coalition to Advance Preterm Birth Research; the March of Dimes; the University of California at San Francisco’s Preterm Birth Initiative; and the Global Alliance to Prevent Prematurity and Stillbirth.

“If we support these research programs, in the following five years or so, we will be able to have intercessions that are going to help the lessening of mortality in these little children,” he said.

 

Filed Under: Health Tagged With: Africa, Angola, Asia, Bangladesh, de Francisco, Ethiopia, Global Alliance to Prevent Prematurity, Global Coalition to Advance Preterm Birth Research, HIV, Indonesia, Kenya, malaria, morality rate, Pakistan, premature babies, Preterm birth, Stillbirth, the March of Dimes, the University of California at San Francisco's Preterm Birth Initiative

Robert O’Neill, Former SEAL Claimed He Shot Osama Bin Laden

November 13, 2014 By Deborah Nielsen Leave a Comment

Robert-O-Neill-interview-Fox-News

Recently, Fox News took an exclusive interview of Robert O’Neill, former Navy SEAL who claimed he shot Osama Bin Laden. He explained how he looked into the Al Qaeda leader eyes before he killed him.

Former Navy SEAL who has come forward openly to discuss the May 2011 raid on bin Laden’s compound in Abbottabad, Pakistan, stated he was most likely the last person bin Laden saw.

“He was standing 2 feet in front of me, hand on his wife, the face I have seen 1000’s times. I thought, ‘We got him, we just ended the war.'” O’Neill stated.

“Osama Bin Laden looked into my eyes before I shot him dead,” O’Neill said. I was the very first person in the SEAL team to go in bin Laden’s bedroom on the raid’s night. Bin Laden apparently attempted to defend himself with his youngest wife before he was shot.

About ten years-long manhunt for the man who planned the 9/11 attacks on the World Trade Center in New York City and the Pentagon in Washington, D.C has ended. But I am still trying to puzzle out whether it was the best thing I ever did or the worst one,” O’Neill added.

Though, O’Neill is bearing some long term consequences after the raid, which he told to Esquire (that didn’t name him) last year. He got separated from his wife and now struggling to pay bills.

In addition, some disputes regarding who actually fired the shot that killed Osama Bin Laden were roaming around. “O’Neill did not fire the fatal shot,” claimed by an anonymous source who was close to another member of the SEAL team that carried out the raid.

“Two leaders of US Naval Special Warfare Command sent a letter to their team members on 31st Oct, two days after the Fox interview was announced, in which they attacked any SEAL who would abuse their “ethos” and talk about a mission in public, SOFREP, a website that covers national security and US special operations forces,” revealed.

Filed Under: Headlines, US Tagged With: Abbottabad, Former SEAL, Fox News, interview, New York City, Osama Bin Laden, Pakistan, Pentagon, Raid, Robert O'Neill, SOFREP, US Naval Special Warfare Command, Washington D.C, World Trade Center

Robert O’Neill a former US Navy SEAL backs off claims of being Bin Laden’s Shooter

November 9, 2014 By Rebecca McGhee 4 Comments

us-navy-seal-robert

Navy SEALs are expected to maintain a tight cloak of secrecy about different operations carried out around the world. However the killing of Al Qaeda founder Osama Bin Laden in a night raid, deep in Pakistan is creating a lot of unwanted media hype. The public debate on who fired the lethal shot which killed Osama Bin Laden is being fed by a member of the crack team Robert O’Neill, a former SEAL personal.

Robert O’Neill has been identified in several news accounts as the “shooter” who fired the fatal shot at Bin Laden at close range. However, Robert O’Neill now backs off claim that he was Osama Bin Laden’s killer. Robert O’Neill say’s that it is not important who fired the first shot. Rather it was team effort which finally managed to bring to justice the dreaded head of Al Qaeda.

Mr. O’Neill said in an audio interview, “The most important thing that I’ve learned in the last two years is to me it doesn’t matter anymore if I am ‘The Shooter.’ The team got him.”

Navy SEALS are almost invisible and shun any type of media exposure as they conduct their shadowy forays around the world. They are not supposed to talk about their exploits for publicity or monetary considerations.

O’Neil’s action forced the man who runs the United States Naval Special Warfare Command to remind all present and former seals of the organization’s dictum- “I do not advertise the nature of my work, nor seek recognition for my actions.”

Rear Adm. Brian Losey and Force Master Chief Michael Magaraci wrote, “Violators of our Ethos are neither teammates in good standing, nor Teammates who represent Naval Special Warfare. We do not abide willful or selfish disregard for our core values in return for public notoriety and financial gain, which only diminishes otherwise honorable service, courage and sacrifice.”

Filed Under: Headlines, US Tagged With: Bin Laden's Shooter, Bin Laden's Shooting, Navy SEAL, Osama Bin Laden, Pakistan, Robert O'Neill, United States Naval Special Warfare Command

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